Helicobacter：清除幽门螺杆菌的秘密武器——岩藻多糖
原标题：海藻提取物及多糖用于预防和治疗幽门螺杆菌前瞻
①目前，针对幽门螺杆菌的根除，主要依赖于抗生素疗法，但是受到细菌耐药性，以及患者依从性等因素的影响，根除效率并不尽如人意；
②岩藻多糖是来自于褐藻中的含硫酸基的多糖物质，具有广泛的生物活性，包括抗粘附、抗氧化、免疫调节及抗感染作用；
③本文综述了岩藻多糖对幽门螺杆菌的作用效果，岩藻多糖的主要靶标是胃黏膜细胞受体；
④岩藻多糖具有多种抗炎症及抗溃疡作用果，能够阻止幽门螺杆菌在胃黏膜的粘附，减少幽门螺杆菌生物被膜的形成（细菌形成生物被膜是一个动态的过程，主要可分为四个阶段：细菌可逆性粘附的定殖阶段、不可逆性粘附的集聚阶段、生物被膜的成熟阶段和细菌的脱落与再定植阶段），抑制幽门螺杆菌的入侵及感染；
⑤结论：岩藻多糖可以作为一种清除体内幽门螺杆菌的新型制剂。
延伸阅读
Helicobacter 2015, 20: 89–97.
Review: Prospects for the Use of Extracts and Polysaccharides from Marine Algae to Prevent and Treat the Diseases Caused by Helicobacter Pylori
Abstract:
Helicobacter pylori possesses a broad spectrum of pathogenic factors that allow it to survive and colonize the gastric mucosa, and thus, the pathogenetic targets, which have the same diversity, require search for and the development of alternative, effective, and innocuous means for the eradication of H. pylori. In recent years, fucoidans have been extensively studied due to the numerous interesting biological activities, including the anti-adhesive, anti-oxidative, antitoxic, immunomodulatory, anticoagulant, and anti-infection effects. This review summarizes the data on the effects of extracts and sulfated polysaccharides of marine algae, mainly fucoidans, on pathogenic targets in Helicobacter infection. The pathogenetic targets for therapeutic agents after H. pylori infection, such as flagellas, urease, and other enzymes, including adhesins, cytotoxin A (VacA), phospholipase, and L-8, are characterized here. The main target for the sulfated polysaccharides of seaweed is cell receptors of the gastric mucosa. This review presents the published data about the pleiotropic anti-inflammatory effects of polysaccharides on the gastric mucosa. It is known that fucoidan and other sulfated polysaccharides from algae have anti-ulcer effects, prevent the adhesion of H. pylori to, and reduce the formation of biofilm. The authors speculate that the effect of sulfated polysaccharides on the infectious process caused by H. pylori is related to their action on innate and adaptive immunity cells, and also anti-oxidant and antitoxic potential. Presented in the review are materials indicated for the study of extracts and sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed during H. pylori infection, as these compounds are characterized by multimodality actions. Based on the analysis of literary materials in recent years, the
authors concluded that fucoidan can be attributed to the generation of new
candidates to create drugs intended for the inclusion in the scheme of eradication therapy of H. pylori infection.
First Authors:
Natalya N. Besednova
Correspondence:
Tatyana A. Kuznetsov
All Authors:
Natalya N. Besednova, Tatyana S. Zaporozhets, Larisa M. Somova and Tatyana A. Kuznetsova
2015-08-15 Article
